The Treaty of Hudaybia (part 3) - The Contract with Suhayl ibn 'Amr takes Place

Suhayl bin `Amr came.'' Ma`mar said that Ayyub said to him that `Ikrimah said, "When Suhayl bin `Amr came, the Prophet said,

«قَدْ سَهُلَ لَكُمْ مِنْ أَمْرِكُم»

(Now the matter has become easy for you.)''

Ma`mar said that Az-Zuhri narrated, "When Suhayl bin `Amr came, he said to the Prophet , `Please conclude a peace treaty with us.'

So, the Prophet called `Ali bin Abi Talib and said to him,

«اكْتُبْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيم»

(Write: In the Name of Allah, Ar-Rahman, Ar-Rahim.)

Suhayl bin `Amr said, `As for Ar-Rahman, by Allah, I do not know what it means. So write: By Your Name, O Allah, as you used to write previously.'

The Muslims said, `By Allah, we will not write except: By the Name of Allah, Ar-Rahman, Ar-Rahim.'

The Prophet said,

«اكْتُبْ بِاسْمِكَ اللْهُم»

(Write: "In Your Name O Allah.'')

Then he dictated,

«هذَا مَا قَاضَى عَلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ الله»

(This is a peace treaty, which Muhammad, Allah's Messenger has concluded.)

Suhayl said, `By Allah, if we knew that you are Allah's Messenger, we would not prevent you from visiting the Ka`bah, and would not fight with you.

So, write: Muhammad bin `Abdullah.' The Prophet said to him,

«وَاللهِ إِنِّي لَرَسُولُ اللهِ وَإِنْ كَذَّبْتُمُونِي، اكْتُبْ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِالله»

(By Allah! I am the Messenger of Allah even if your people do not believe me. Write: "Muhammad bin `Abdullah.'')''

Az-Zuhri continued, "The Prophet accepted all those things, since he had already said that he would accept everything they would demand if it respects the ordinance of Allah, the Exalted.''

The Hadith continues, "The Prophet said to Suhayl,

«عَلَى أَنْ تُخَلُّوا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ الْبَيْتِ فَنَطُوفَ بِه»

(On the condition that you allow us to visit the House so that we may perform Tawaf around it.)

Suhayl said, `By Allah, we will not, so as not to give the Arabs a chance to say that we have yielded to your pressure, but we will allow you next year.'

So, the Prophet had that written. Then Suhayl said, `We also stipulate that you should return to us whoever comes to you from us, even if he embraced your religion.'

The Muslims protested, `Glorified be Allah! How can a person be returned to the idolators after he has become a Muslim'

While they were in this state Abu Jandal bin (son of) Suhayl bin `Amr came from the valley of Makkah staggering with his chains and fell down among the Muslims.

Suhayl said, `O Muhammad! This is the very first term with which we make peace with you, that is, you shall return Abu Jandal to me.'

The Prophet said,

«إِنَّا لَمْ نَقْضِ الْكِتَابَ بَعْد»

(The peace treaty has not been written yet.)

Suhayl said, `Then by Allah, I will never conduct peace with you.'

The Prophet said,

«فَأَجِزْهُ لِي»

(Release him to me,)

and Suhayl responded, `I will never allow you to keep him.' The Prophet said,

«بَلَى فَافْعَل»

(Yes, do.)

He said, `I will not.' Mikraz said, `We allow you (to keep him).'


Abu Jandal said, `O, Muslims! Will I be returned to the idolators although I have come as a Muslim Don't you see how much I have suffered' Abu Jandal had been tortured severely for the cause of Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored.




Tafsir ibn Kathir - Surah Al Fath;
http://tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=48&tid=49543

"Not for you is the Decision..." (Quran 'Aal Imraan 3:128)

لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الاٌّمْرِ شَىْءٌ

"Not for you is the Decision..." (Quran aal Imran 3:128)

Al-Bukhari recorded that, Salim bin `Abdullah said that his father said that he heard the

Messenger of Allah saying -- when he raised his head from bowing in the second unit of the Fajr prayer -- "O Allah! Curse so-and-so,'' after saying; Sami` Allahu Liman Hamidah [Allah hears those who praise Him], Rabbana wa lakal-Hamd [our Lord, to You is the Praise].

Thereafter, Allah revealed this Ayah,

[لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الاٌّمْرِ شَىْءٌ]

(Not for you is the decision;)

This was also recorded by An-Nasa'i. Imam Ahmad recorded that Salim bin `Abdullah said that his father said that he heard the Messenger of Allah saying,

«اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنْ فُلَانًا، اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنِ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ هِشَامٍ، اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنْ سُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو، اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنَ أُمَيَّة»

(O Allah! Curse so-and-so. O Allah! Curse Al-Harith bin Hisham. O Allah! Curse Suhayl bin `Amr. O Allah! Curse Safwan bin Umayyah.)

Thereafter, this Ayah was revealed;

[لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الاٌّمْرِ شَىْءٌ أَوْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْ يُعَذِّبَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ ظَـلِمُونَ ]

(Not for you is the decision; whether He turns in mercy to (pardon) them or punishes them; verily, they are the wrongdoers) [3:128].

All these persons were pardoned (after they embraced Islam later on [after the conquest of Makkah]).

Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that when Allah's Messenger would supplicate against or for someone, he would do so when he was finished bowing and saying; Sami` Allahu Liman Hamidah, Rabbana wa lakal-Hamd. He would then say, (the Qunut)

«اللَّهُمَّ أَنْجِ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ، وَسَلَمَةَ بْنَ هِشَامٍ وَعَيَّاشَ بْنَ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ، وَالْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، اللَّهُمَّ اشْدُدْ وَطْأَتَكَ عَلى مُضَرَ، وَاجْعَلْهَا عَلَيْهِمْ سِنِينَ كَسِنِي يُوسُف»

(O Allah! Save Al-Walid bin Al-Walid, Salamah bin Hisham, `Ayyash bin Abi Rabi`ah and the weak and the helpless people among the faithful believers. O Allah! Be hard on the tribe of Mudar and let them suffer from years of famine like that of the time of Yusuf. )

He would say this supplication aloud. He sometimes would supplicate during the Dawn prayer, "O Allah! Curse so-and-so (persons),'' mentioning some Arab tribes. Thereafter, Allah revealed,

لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الاٌّمْرِ شَىْءٌ

(Not for you is the decision.)

Al-Bukhari recorded that Hamid and Thabit said that, Anas bin Malik said that the Prophet was injured during the battle of Uhud and said,

«كَيْفَ يُفْلِحُ قَوْمٌ شَجُّوا نَبِيَّهُمْ؟»

(How can a people achieve success after having injured their Prophet)

Thereafter,

[لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الاٌّمْرِ شَىْءٌ]

(Not for you is the decision,)

was revealed.

Imam Ahmad recorded that Anas said that, the Prophet's front tooth was broken during the battle of Uhud and he also sustained injuries on his forehead until blood dripped on his face. The Prophet said,

«كَيْفَ يُفْلِحُ قَوْمٌ فَعَلُوا هذَا بِنَبِيِّهِمْ، وَهُوَ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلى رَبِّهِمْ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ؟»

(How can a people achieve success after having done this to their Prophet who is calling them to their Lord, the Exalted and Most Honored)

Allah revealed,

[لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الاٌّمْرِ شَىْءٌ أَوْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْ يُعَذِّبَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ ظَـلِمُونَ ]

(Not for you is the decision; whether He turns in mercy to (pardons) them or punishes them; verily, they are the wrongdoers.) Muslim also collected this Hadith.

Allah then said,

[وَللَّهِ مَا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ]

(And to Allah belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is in the Earth.) [3:129], everything is indeed the property of Allah and all are servants in His Hand.

[يَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ]

(He forgives whom He wills, and punishes whom He wills.) for His is the decision and none can resist His decision. Allah is never asked about what He does, while they will be asked,

[وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ]

(and Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.)

Tafsir ibn Kathir; Surah aal Imraan 3:128

http://www.tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=3&tid=9220